TY - JOUR
T1 - Update on safety profiles of vitamins B1, B6, and B12
T2 - A narrative review
AU - Calderon-Ospina, Carlos Alberto
AU - Nava-Mesa, Mauricio Orlando
AU - Paez-Hurtado, Ana María
N1 - Funding Information:
Medical writing assistance was provided by Dittmann Medical W riting (Hamburg, Germany), the work was funded by P&G Health International.
Funding Information:
The work was funded by P&G Health International. C. Calderon-Ospina holds consultative activities for P&G Health International and reports personal fees from them outside the submitted work. The authors report no other potential conflicts of interest for this work.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Calderon-Ospina et al.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/12/20
Y1 - 2020/12/20
N2 - The neurotropic B vitamins B1 (thiamine), B6 (pyridoxine), and B12 (cobalamin) are essential for proper functioning of the nervous system. Deficiencies may induce neurological disorders like peripheral neuropathy (PN) and mainly occur in vulnerable populations (eg, elderly, diabetics, alcoholics). As epidemiologic cohort studies raised safety concerns about vitamin B6/B12 intake being potentially associated with increased risks of hip fracture (HF) and lung cancer (LC), we explored these aspects and performed comprehensive literature searches. However, we suggest not to neglect actual high-risk factors (eg, smoking in LC, higher age in HF) by focusing on individual nutrients, but to examine the complex interaction of numerous factors involved in disease development. Because it warrants continued consideration, we also provide an update on neurotoxicity associated with vitamin B6. We consider that neurological side effects due to vitamin B6 intake are rare and only occur with high daily doses and/or longer treatment duration. The benefit-risk ratio of high-dose treatment with neurotropic B vitamins in indications like PN is therefore considered advantageous, particularly if dosing recommendations are followed and serum levels monitored.
AB - The neurotropic B vitamins B1 (thiamine), B6 (pyridoxine), and B12 (cobalamin) are essential for proper functioning of the nervous system. Deficiencies may induce neurological disorders like peripheral neuropathy (PN) and mainly occur in vulnerable populations (eg, elderly, diabetics, alcoholics). As epidemiologic cohort studies raised safety concerns about vitamin B6/B12 intake being potentially associated with increased risks of hip fracture (HF) and lung cancer (LC), we explored these aspects and performed comprehensive literature searches. However, we suggest not to neglect actual high-risk factors (eg, smoking in LC, higher age in HF) by focusing on individual nutrients, but to examine the complex interaction of numerous factors involved in disease development. Because it warrants continued consideration, we also provide an update on neurotoxicity associated with vitamin B6. We consider that neurological side effects due to vitamin B6 intake are rare and only occur with high daily doses and/or longer treatment duration. The benefit-risk ratio of high-dose treatment with neurotropic B vitamins in indications like PN is therefore considered advantageous, particularly if dosing recommendations are followed and serum levels monitored.
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U2 - 10.2147/TCRM.S274122
DO - 10.2147/TCRM.S274122
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33376337
AN - SCOPUS:85098882973
SN - 1176-6336
VL - 16
SP - 1275
EP - 1288
JO - Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
JF - Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
ER -