New clinical and experimental insights into Old World and neotropical ocular toxoplasmosis

Alexander W. Pfaff; Alejandra de-la-Torre; Elise Rochet; Julie Brunet; Marcela Sabou; Arnaud Sauer; Tristan Bourcier; Jorge E. Gomez-Marin; Ermanno Candolfi

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.09.007

New clinical and experimental insights into Old World and neotropical ocular toxoplasmosis

Título traducido de la contribución: Nuevos conocimientos clínicos y experimentales sobre el Viejo Mundo y la toxoplasmosis ocular neotropical

Alexander W. Pfaff, Alejandra de-la-Torre, Elise Rochet, Julie Brunet, Marcela Sabou, Arnaud Sauer, Tristan Bourcier, Jorge E. Gomez-Marin, Ermanno Candolfi

Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública

Resultado de la investigación: Contribución a una revista › Reseña científica › revisión exhaustiva

48 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

Las lesiones retinianas u otras manifestaciones oculares son consecuencias graves de la infección con el parásito protozoario Toxoplasma gondii. Aunque clásicamente se consideraba una consecuencia de la transmisión congénita, los estudios de detección recientes estimaron que el 2% de las personas seropositivas a T. gondii en Europa y América del Norte tienen lesiones retinianas, la mayoría de las cuales persisten inadvertidas. La situación es más dramática en América del Sur, probablemente debido al predominio de cepas virulentas. Algunas de estas cepas parecen exhibir tropismo ocular o neuronal y son responsables de lesiones oculares graves. A pesar de la importancia médica, los mecanismos fisiopatológicos han comenzado recientemente a dilucidarse. Debe considerarse la particular situación de privilegio inmune en el ojo. Los estudios en pacientes franceses mostraron cargas parásitas oculares bajas o indetectables, pero una clara reacción inmune tipo Th1 / Th17. Modelos de ratón adecuados han aparecido en los últimos años. Utilizando dicho modelo, IL-17A demostró afectar el control del parásito e inducir patología. En contraste, en los pacientes sudamericanos, el parásito parece controlarse de manera mucho menos eficiente a través de un tipo Th2 o respuesta inmunitaria supresora que favorece la replicación del parásito. Finalmente, varios marcadores genéticos del huésped que controlan los factores de respuesta inmunitaria se han asociado con la afectación ocular de la infección por T. gondii, principalmente en América del Sur

Título traducido de la contribución	Nuevos conocimientos clínicos y experimentales sobre el Viejo Mundo y la toxoplasmosis ocular neotropical
Idioma original	Inglés estadounidense
Páginas (desde-hasta)	99-107
Número de páginas	9
Publicación	International Journal for Parasitology
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.09.007
Estado	Publicada - feb. 1 2014

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@article{392aad5579c540fe8f4f45add40b57c1,

title = "New clinical and experimental insights into Old World and neotropical ocular toxoplasmosis",

abstract = "Retinal lesions or other ocular manifestations are serious consequences of infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Whilst classically considered a consequence of congenital transmission, recent screening studies estimated that 2% of T. gondii seropositive persons in Europe and North America have retinal lesions, most of them persisting unnoticed. The situation is more dramatic in South America, probably due to the predominance of virulent strains. Some of these strains seem to exhibit ocular or neuronal tropism and are responsible for severe ocular lesions. Despite the medical importance, the physiopathological mechanisms have only recently begun to be elucidated. The particular immune-privileged situation in the eye has to be considered. Studies on French patients showed low or undetectable ocular parasite loads, but a clear Th1/Th17 type immune reaction. Suitable mouse models have appeared in the last few years. Using such a model, IL-17A proved to impair parasite control and induce pathology. In contrast, in South American patients, the parasite seems to be much less efficiently controlled through a Th2 type or suppressive immune response that favors parasite replication. Finally, several host genetic markers controlling immune response factors have been associated with ocular involvement of T. gondii infection, mainly in South America.",

author = "Pfaff, {Alexander W.} and Alejandra de-la-Torre and Elise Rochet and Julie Brunet and Marcela Sabou and Arnaud Sauer and Tristan Bourcier and Gomez-Marin, {Jorge E.} and Ermanno Candolfi",

year = "2014",

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doi = "10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.09.007",

language = "English (US)",

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journal = "International Journal for Parasitology",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - New clinical and experimental insights into Old World and neotropical ocular toxoplasmosis

AU - Pfaff, Alexander W.

AU - de-la-Torre, Alejandra

AU - Rochet, Elise

AU - Brunet, Julie

AU - Sabou, Marcela

AU - Sauer, Arnaud

AU - Bourcier, Tristan

AU - Gomez-Marin, Jorge E.

AU - Candolfi, Ermanno

PY - 2014/2/1

Y1 - 2014/2/1

N2 - Retinal lesions or other ocular manifestations are serious consequences of infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Whilst classically considered a consequence of congenital transmission, recent screening studies estimated that 2% of T. gondii seropositive persons in Europe and North America have retinal lesions, most of them persisting unnoticed. The situation is more dramatic in South America, probably due to the predominance of virulent strains. Some of these strains seem to exhibit ocular or neuronal tropism and are responsible for severe ocular lesions. Despite the medical importance, the physiopathological mechanisms have only recently begun to be elucidated. The particular immune-privileged situation in the eye has to be considered. Studies on French patients showed low or undetectable ocular parasite loads, but a clear Th1/Th17 type immune reaction. Suitable mouse models have appeared in the last few years. Using such a model, IL-17A proved to impair parasite control and induce pathology. In contrast, in South American patients, the parasite seems to be much less efficiently controlled through a Th2 type or suppressive immune response that favors parasite replication. Finally, several host genetic markers controlling immune response factors have been associated with ocular involvement of T. gondii infection, mainly in South America.

AB - Retinal lesions or other ocular manifestations are serious consequences of infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Whilst classically considered a consequence of congenital transmission, recent screening studies estimated that 2% of T. gondii seropositive persons in Europe and North America have retinal lesions, most of them persisting unnoticed. The situation is more dramatic in South America, probably due to the predominance of virulent strains. Some of these strains seem to exhibit ocular or neuronal tropism and are responsible for severe ocular lesions. Despite the medical importance, the physiopathological mechanisms have only recently begun to be elucidated. The particular immune-privileged situation in the eye has to be considered. Studies on French patients showed low or undetectable ocular parasite loads, but a clear Th1/Th17 type immune reaction. Suitable mouse models have appeared in the last few years. Using such a model, IL-17A proved to impair parasite control and induce pathology. In contrast, in South American patients, the parasite seems to be much less efficiently controlled through a Th2 type or suppressive immune response that favors parasite replication. Finally, several host genetic markers controlling immune response factors have been associated with ocular involvement of T. gondii infection, mainly in South America.

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.09.007

DO - 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.09.007

M3 - Literature review

SN - 0020-7519

SP - 99

EP - 107

JO - International Journal for Parasitology

JF - International Journal for Parasitology

ER -

New clinical and experimental insights into Old World and neotropical ocular toxoplasmosis

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