Exercise for Disease Prevention and Management: A Precision Medicine Approach

Lack of engagement in sufficient weekly physical activity (PA) is a major risk factor for morbidity and premature mortality. 1 Estimates from 2012 indicated that not meeting PA public health recommendations is responsible for more than 5 million deaths globally each year. 2 Furthermore, insufficient PA was estimated to account for more than 11% of the US aggregated health care expenditures in 2014, which translates to approximately $120 billion per year or an excess $1400 in per capita costs. 3 Although low- and middle-income countries bear 75% of the disease burden associated with physical inactivity, more than 80% of health care costs and 60% of indirect costs occur in high-income countries.