Directional Relay Based on Time-Domain Symmetrical Components With Incremental Quantities

Symmetrical components theory, presented by Fortescue in 1918, and the analysis of the time-domain presented by Lyon in 1954, have been widely used in fault analysis and power system protection algorithms. In recent times, applications in time-domain have been deeply studied given their potential for getting a quicker failure detection. There are two main techniques which apply signal processing methods in the time-domain: Travel-wave and incremental quantities. This article presents a new algorithm that allows detecting direction and gives an indication for a fault location based on the calculation of the symmetrical components and processing them as incremental quantities. The algorithm is tested in a simulation study case and on the data provided by a relay for a real-world fault.