ASYMMETRIC RELATIONS IN CIVIC CULTURE: AN EXPLORATION OF ARTISTIC AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN CITIES

Cities develop different strategies to promote citizenship culture through their multiple benefits, such as social inclusion, active citizenship, democracy, security and equality, generating improvements in social and environmental performance in urban life. In this context, it is important to measure and analyse how citizenship culture supports growth and development in cities. For this reason, this research seeks to establish a citizenship culture index through variables related to public space, social agreement, trust, and institutions and determine what factors could affect citizenship culture by applying a quantile regression model using the localities of Bogotá as a case study. In recent decades, different programs and policies have been applied to promote citizenship culture. The results of this study indicate that citizenship culture depends on higher or lower amounts of different variables. Hence, better socioeconomic conditions generate a higher citizenship culture index because these citizens have more opportunities and respect for the collective; a higher household quality positively affects the citizenship culture index, considering the close connection between household features and socioeconomic well-being; and higher practice of or attendance at artistic and cultural activities promote a higher citizenship culture index. The findings of this study are important to developing adequate policies that include citizenship culture as a key factor to promote better citizens, higher citizenship culture, an inclusive society and development with lower inequalities and opportunities for all citizens in cities no asymmetries in cultural activities.