Controversias en neuroinmunología: esclerosis múltiple, vacunación, SARS-CoV-2 y otros dilemas

Neuroimmunology is a discipline that is increasingly broadening its horizons in the understanding of neurological diseases. At the same time, and in light of the pathophysiological links between neurological diseases and immunology, specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have been proposed. Despite the important advances in this discipline, there are multiple dilemmas that concern it and filter into clinical practice.
In this review, 15 controversies are presented and discussed, which are constructed with the most up-to-date clinical information available. Topics included are: steroid reduction in multiple sclerosis relapses; therapeutic recommendations in multiple sclerosis in light of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; evidence of vaccination in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases; current panorama of isolated clinical and radiological syndrome; and therapeutic failures in multiple sclerosis;