Chagas disease in Florida: An emerging one health challenge in the United States

Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, poses an underrecognized public health risk in the United States, especially in states like Florida with both imported and potential for autochthonous transmission. Florida's ecological, demographic, and climatic factors—along with the presence of infected vectors and animal reservoirs—make it a high-risk region. However, limited surveillance, diagnostic infrastructure, and clinical awareness have led to significant underdiagnosis. Drawing on a One Health framework, this article highlights Florida's vulnerability in the national Chagas disease landscape by comparing its risk profile to other U.S. states such as Texas. It calls for integrated surveillance across human, animal, and environmental health sectors, improved diagnostic access, and mandatory disease reporting. By closing these gaps, Florida can serve as a model for proactive public health intervention and help prevent the silent emergence of endemic Chagas disease in the southeastern United States.