DETERMINATION OF NEW MOLECULAR MARKERS (ANDROGEN RECEPTOR-RA and GLI1) IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER

Although in the last decade, technological development has made it possible to establish and understand the wide heterogeneity that exists in Breast Cancer (CS), this disease is ranked as the second type of female cancer worldwide. In CS, the estrogen receptor is expressed in the majority of tumors and has broad prognostic and predictive utility of response to hormonal treatment. However, like estrogen receptor-negative tumors, many of these cases do not respond to such treatment. Recent studies show that gene expression analysis can help classify tumors to define better treatments; However, access to these methodologies is very limited due to the high cost. Therefore, it is necessary to determine and standardize new markers that are easily accessible and that can provide additional information for the classification and prognostic determination of patients, with respect to classic markers. Recent evidence suggests that the Androgen Receptor (AR) and GLI1 could be found within these markers since they have been shown to affect the growth of tumor cells. Thus, evaluating their expression levels and using molecular classification tools in patients with CS will allow establishing associations between molecular subtypes of CS and the expression of GLI1 and AR, in order to postulate new tumor stratification strategies. Additionally, these analyzes will help clarify the controversial role of RA and GLI1 in defining the prognostic utility of these genes as molecular classification markers of CS.

Breast Cancer, Androgen Receptor, GLI1, Molecular subtypes.

Related to the generation of knowledge
It is expected to find differential expression levels of the postulated markers, which can be correlated with specific subgroups of CS (Molecular Subtypes). The evaluation of new markers such as AR and GLI, as well as the RA/RE and RA/RP ratios, is necessary to clarify their functional role in CS. Likewise, its study may favor not only an increase in the understanding of the biological behavior of this type of tumors, but its evaluation together with classic markers could contribute to the optimization of the assignment of patients to risk categories or prognostic categories. more specific. In turn, a better categorization of patients with CS can guide oncologists and medical personnel in selecting the most appropriate therapeutic approach, taking into account their tumor biology, so that treatments can be optimized, increasing them in those cases where it is necessary. missing or reducing unnecessary ones that can cause side effects.

Conducive to strengthening national scientific capacity
The association between the postulated markers and molecular subtypes of CS will undoubtedly allow medical-oncologists and researchers in the area of ​​biomedical sciences to better classify patients who present with this disease. An increase in the understanding of molecular classification markers will make it easier for medical and scientific personnel to more efficiently guide the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of patients with CS. Thus, the development and future application of this type of work will be useful to reduce the side effects of inappropriate therapies, which can be a direct benefit, not only for health institutions, but also for patients and society. in general.

Aimed at the social appropriation of knowledge
The determination of associations between the exposed variables will allow the general community to be explained more clearly which are the biological and molecular mechanisms involved in the development of this disease. The results obtained from this research could also facilitate the formation of alliances between research groups and hospital institutions, aimed at the development and execution of studies on samples of patients with CS, whose ultimate objective is to increase knowledge of the disease and make it known to the different actors in society.